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Damage to Computer and one hundred thousand rupees,
Section 48 of the Act is also Information Systems imprisoned for up to two years, or
frequently invoked, targeting both.
individuals who disclose or cause Knowingly causing wrongful loss
the divulgence of confidential or damage to computer systems or Abetment of Computer-
records, books, correspondence, information falls under section 46 related Offenses
or information obtained through of the ETA 2063. Offenders who
authority conferred by the Act or its disrupt, alter, delete, or diminish the Section 53 of the ETA 2063
rules. Offenders may face fines not value and utility of computer source addresses individuals who aid,
exceeding ten thousand rupees, information may face fines up to two attempt, or conspire to commit
imprisonment up to two years, or thousand rupees, imprisonment for computer-related offenses. Those
both, depending on the gravity of the up to three years, or both. found guilty may face fines not
offense. exceeding fifty thousand rupees,
Publication of Illegal imprisonment for up to six months, or
Punishment for Piracy, Materials in Electronic both, depending on the seriousness
Destruction, or Alteration Form of the offense.
of Computer Source Data
Punishment
According to section for Offenses
44 of the ETA 2063, Committed
individuals
involved Outside Nepal
in the
intentional Nepalese laws also
piracy, extend their jurisdiction
to offenses committed
outside Nepal, as
destruction, long as the offense
or alteration involves computers,
of computer systems,
computer or computer
source networks located
code, within Nepal.
intended Section 55 of
for the ETA 2063
computer empowers
systems, authorities to
file cases against
offenders residing
outside the country,
ensuring that justice
Publishing or displaying prohibited can be pursued even if the crime
programmers, or networks, may face materials in electronic media,
imprisonment for up to three years, including computers and the internet, originates beyond Nepal’s borders.
a fine not exceeding two hundred is strictly prohibited in Nepal.
thousand rupees, or both. Section 47 of the ETA 2063 imposes Conclusion
fines up to one hundred thousand
Unauthorized Access to rupees, imprisonment for up to The establishment of robust legal
provisions in Nepal to combat
Computer Materials five years, or both, for individuals cybercrime reflects the country’s
involved in disseminating materials commitment to ensuring digital
Unauthorized access to computer that contravene the prevailing law, security and protecting individuals
programs, information, or data is jeopardize public morality, promote from various forms of cyber threats.
a punishable offense in Nepal. hate, or disrupt harmonious relations The Electronic Transactions Act 2063
Section 45 of the ETA 2063 outlines among different communities. serves as the primary legislative
penalties, including fines not framework, with sections addressing
exceeding two hundred thousand Computer Fraud Provisions offenses such as unauthorized
rupees, imprisonment for up to access, data destruction, publication
three years, or both, based on the Individuals engaged in fraud or of illegal materials, computer fraud,
severity of the offense. This applies other illegal activities related to and abetment. By enforcing these
to unauthorized use of computers, digital signatures, payment fraud, laws, Nepal aims to create a safer
even with or without authorization, or unauthorized access to financial digital environment for its citizens
and contrary to the terms of such accounts may face penalties and safeguard the integrity of its
authorization. under section 52 of the ETA 2063. information systems.
Offenders may be fined up to
ICT NEPAL (Issue-3, 2023) 9
